Sanger, Lindenberger,
Muller (2011)
Interactive brains,
social minds
Communicative &
Integrative Biology
P 655 difficult '
studying the complexities of social interaction in tightly controlled
experimental settings' p 661 'real-life social interactions are spontaneous,
reciprocal , and multimodal, and thereby pose great challenges to experimental
design and the ability to draw causal inferences'
Definitions
Social cognition ' the mechanism that allows us to
understand others '
Mentalizing , theory of mind ' the ability to represent
other people's mental states (Frith & Frith (2002) as well as the knowledge
needed for interaction and formation of social relationships
Social interaction is more narrowly defined 'turn taking
among active, autonomous agents who follow social rules and control their
action and reactions according to. Their perceptions'
Joint action ' any form of coordinated action bringing
about change'
Coordination ' non accidental correlation between the
behaviours of two or more systems that are in sustained coupling, or have been
coupled in the past, or have been coupled to another, common system'
Interpersonal action coordination occurs in ' the context of joint
actions and coordination' note synchronisation of speech and movements does not
qualify. '
Interpersonal action coordination
Discussed in terms of musicians and dancers but could apply to
collaborative learning, especially face-to-face.
'interpersonal action coordination requires the
perception,representation and anticipation of one's own and partner actions'
Joint goal, (task) required. The task determines individual
intentions (which may be very different especially in learning contexts)
Investigating the neural basis of social interaction
P 656 'Currently little is known about the brain areas that are
involved and the neural mechanisms that implements interpersonally coordinated
behaviour'
Designs and methods
Collectively the following
implicate fronto parietal areas
Focus
• Agency
• Cooperation
&competition
• Intentional
stance
• Self
relevance and interpretation of relational stance
Single subjects intact interacting with
• Computers
• Virtual
counterparts
• Real
counterparts
Methods and techniques involving EEG
• Formation
of shared action representations' (40)
• Movement
coordination (41)
• Different
forms of action coordination (50,51)
Conclusions and outlook
P 661
' reconcile the dynamics of e phenomenon with the
requirements of experimental control'
' there is a need for studies that assess the target
behaviour as well as the behavioural cues exchanged between interaction partners in real time, and
relate these measures to neural synchronisation within and between brains'
.... ' Interbrain synchronisation
during interpersonal interaction (KRO how important is this online?) coordination
clearly depends on multimodal perceptual cues ( e.g. Gestures, facial
expressions, movements), but the relation between these cues and Interbrain
synchronisation is rarely assessed or analysed'
